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Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO)::
Tribal Emission Inventory (EI) Development and Improvement Project: 2002 - 2003
Project Introduction 
The Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals (ITEP) approach focuses on building tribal capacity
where it is needed and desired. The project starts with the assumption that all of the 34 tribes in
Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan want to develop and provide EI data to represent their own lands.
Through outreach and assessment, ITEP will identify the tribes who are currently willing and able to
provide data, tribes who are willing but currently unable to develop and provide data, and tribes
who cannot develop or provide data at this time for whatever reason. Once this assessment is made,
assistance will be provided to tribes, appropriate inter-tribal organizations and LADCO as needed. The
type of assistance will range from specific advanced technical training for tribal environmental
professionals, to the gathering and summarizing of existing EI data for tribes who can not develop this
data on their own at this time. By taking this approach, LADCO hopes to build a strong foundation for
continued and increased future tribal involvement.
Assessment
Between February 3 and March 15, 2003, ITEP attempted to contact all of the tribes in Michigan,
Minnesota, and Wisconsin to assess their air quality programs. Twenty-five tribes completed the
Assessment Instrument, with most interviews lasting 15-45 minutes. The results of this project
are summarized in the report titled
"An Assessment of Tribal Air Quality Programs in Michigan, Minnesota, & Wisconsin."
Tribal Review of Existing Emission Inventory Data
On April 18, 2003, ITEP sent a data package to each tribe in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. This
package contained: 1) a data compact disc (CD) with summaries of point sources, area sources, on-road
mobile sources, and non-road mobile sources, 2) instructions to help tribes review the data, and
3) a reply form.
Point source data:
Point sources of air pollution are discrete locations where significant
amounts of pollution are being discharged to the atmosphere. The U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) National Emissions Inventory (NEI)
sometimes contains inaccurate information about the location of point
sources. For example, it may show a factory being located on your tribal
land when in fact it is not. ITEP has sorted the entire criteria pollutant
database and determined point sources that are on or within 5 mile of
tribal land. A map is included in each packet that shows the results of
this work. At a minimum, ITEP is requesting that each tribe review the
locations of point sources for accuracy. However, any additional information
that tribes can provide about point sources of pollution on and near their
reservations is greatly appreciated.
Area Sources
Area sources represent activities that produce air pollution discharges that occur in small
amounts at many locations. Sources have been grouped according to activity and assigned unique
source classification codes (SCC). For example, the SCC for "stationary source fuel
combustion-industrial-bituminous/sub-bituminous coal - all boiler types" represents an estimate
of the amount of emissions coming from all boilers of that type in a defined area. If several
small businesses, schools or government buildings in the county have this kind of boiler, they
will be lumped together as an area source instead of including them individually as point sources.
ITEP has compiled a subset of the available EPA area source data for each tribe, but the data
are organized by county. Therefore, each tribe received the data from all of the counties that
overlap or are adjacent to their reservation. ITEP is requesting that tribes evaluate the area
data as best they can given their resources and commitments.
On-Road Mobile Sources
On-road mobile sources represent air emissions from vehicles traveling on roads. ITEP has compiled
a subset of the available EPA area source data for each tribe, but again the data are organized
by county. Therefore, each tribe received the data from all of the counties that overlap or are
adjacent to their reservation. ITEP is requesting that tribes evaluate the on-road mobile data
as best they can given their resources and commitments.
Non-Road Mobile Sources
Non-road mobile sources represent air emissions from vehicles not traveling on roads. ITEP has
compiled a subset of the available EPA area source data for each tribe, but these data are also
organized by county. Each tribe received the data from all of the counties that overlap or are
adjacent to their reservation. ITEP is requesting that tribes evaluate the non-road mobile data
as best they can given their resources and commitments.
Frequently Asked Questions
Where did this data come from?
ITEP gathered and summarized data from point, area, on-road mobile, and non-road mobile sources from
the 1999 NEI. Maintained by EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), the NEI
contains information on emission sources from around the country. Data were downloaded from the
EPA website (ftp://ftp.epa.gov/pub/EmisInventory/finalnei99ver3/criteria/datafiles/).
The data are from the files dated 11/17/2002 and are a final draft of Version 2 of the 1999
NEI for criteria pollutants. The version 2 data is no longer available on this website as of March 31, 2004, it has been replaced by version 3 data.
For more information on the NEI, visit: www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/net/index.html
How did ITEP modify the data?
Due to the large amount of area, on-road mobile, and non-road mobile data, only a subset of data
is included for your review. Data were included for the types of sources believed to be most
significant in your area, determined both by consulting with LADCO and analyzing the emissions data.
If you are interested in obtaining the full data set, please contact Angelique Luedeker at
928/523-5037 or via email at Angelique.Luedeker@nau.edu
Many of the area and non-road mobile throughput (activity) values were not recorded in the NEI.
For details on how ITEP recovered some of these values, see the document titled
"LADCO NEI Data Modifications Web.doc"
Where did ITEP get the tribal land boundaries used in this project?
ITEP obtained the "ind3b_draft16_no_ak_ok_trust_wgs84_dd" coverage from EPA. The extensive discussion
sheet (Use of Ind3 and Supplemental Coverages to Represent Tribal Lands) that accompanies this coverage
explains how the data were developed. A link to this document will be added when we get authorization
from EPA. ITEP discovered that this EPA coverage does not include the Ho-Chunk (WI) and Lac Vieux
Desert (MI) reservations, therefore they were added from a coverage (us_indn_juris_geo) obtained from
Inter-Tribal Environmental Council of Oklahoma (ITECO). ITECO produced this coverage by making
modifications to a coverage obtained from the BIA in 1999. ITEP then made the following changes to
the resulting coverage:
- TEPs internal unique tribal codes were added,
- the land bases of several reservations were also dissolved so they represent only one record in the attribute table - this was done to ensure that tribes did not receive multiple reports, and
- Alaskan tribal statistical areas were added from the ITECO us_indn_juris_geo coverage.
How did ITEP sort the point source data for this project?
Sorting of point source data by reservation was completed entirely in ArcView©. ITEP can provide tribes
with technical assistance if they would like to do the sorting themselves. Using the detailed instructions
ITEP will provide, the point source data can be sorted for single or multiple reservations in
approximately 2 hours, assuming you don't do any modifying/correcting of the point source data. We
attempted to correct/modify the point source database, but there are still many point sources that
have errors in the latitude/longitude coordinates. ITEP can also provide instructions and an extension
for batch processing layouts/maps. Our method automatically zooms to the extent of each record in
the attribute table of a theme (in this case we used reservation boundaries), creates a layout, and
either prints a hardcopy or exports in the format you choose (PDF, JPEG, Bitmap, WMF, etc.).
Can ITEP help me get emissions data from Canada?
ITEP has the complete set of Canadian data supplied by LADCO. Please contact Matt Anders if you
would like to review the Canadian data. He will help you to narrow your focus so ITEP can supply
just the data you are interested in.
Why did I get ANOTHER set of point source data from ITEP?
ITEP is also now working on a project for the US EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(OAQPS) to help tribes all over the country review just the point source data from the National
Emission Inventory (NEI). LADCO required that ITEP assist tribes in reviewing the criteria pollutant
data for point, area, on-road mobile and non-road mobile data. OAQPS required that ITEP assist
tribes in reviewing both criteria pollutant and hazardous air pollutant (HAPs) data, just for
point sources. Tribes in the LADCO project area will have already received the criteria pollutant
data for point sources through the LADCO project. For the OAQPS project, if your reservation has
any point sources of HAPs on it or within 3.1 miles of your boundaries, you will receive an
additional data set detailing the HAPs emissions. If no HAPs point sources are located within
3.1 miles of your tribe's lands, you will not receive any data on HAPs.
Contact:
Angelique Luedeker, 928/523-5037, Angelique.Luedeker@nau.edu
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